Low and No Water Toilets
It won't be long before using 5 gallons of fresh water to flush a toilet becomes out-lawed. Its a waste of water, energy to bring the water there and a pollution problem to manage it.
We've tried 4 different kinds of composting systems and all have benefits and drawbacks.
Nature's Head is unique in that it separates liquids from solids.
Sun-Mar Systems: have both a low water flush and composting systems. We had the largest Centrex 3000 unit at our former house with a Sealnd toilet and added a stand-alone unit later. The Centralized Centrex unit was nice as it is more like most people's toilets in that it "flushes".
And, for going in the woods for a day - the good old bucket system.
To manage any system - add saw dust, lime, potash (wood ashes), bokashi (made from tea mushrooms) and mycylium (see below) on a regular basis. We add diatomaceous earth to keep flys and other insects down. These things are all added regularly to reduce odor.
My recipe for adding mycylium is -in a blender mix - 1/8 cup peroxide, 1/8 sugar, some fresh mushrooms and fill the blender 1/4 full with water and blend till its all liquid.
The other microbial mix I make is kombucha tea mushroom mix which is a symbiotic mix of yeasts, mushrooms and pro-biotic bacteria. Never use the Mother Mushroom but subsequent batches of mushrooms can be used.
In the spring - Put it all in a pile to finish composting. It needs a "tipping" occationally but in a few months its "cooked" and ready for whatever plants are being planted. See Nutrient Dense Foods for everything that goes in the composting pile to fully enrich the soil for nutrient dense food.
We have 3 types of compost - human, runament and chickens. The chicken manure is higher in calcium and copper and the runament is higher in microbial population. Human manure is treated the same way as animal except it is cooked longer. See Nutrient Dense Foods. All cooked manures have proven to be some of the richest, nutrient rich soil.
You can not use any manure (even cooked) the first year on leafy greens. I do not use human manure except on the orchard, field crops for hay and clover, corn and beans. The thing about humanure isn't the worry about bacterial growth if you have added enough mycylium and kombucha, its that it may contain medications. I actually ask people on antibiotics to not use my facilities because it kills the healthy life in the system.